Sync *.nix with nixpkgs changes

This fixes the following error during stage 1:
9pnet_virtio: no channels available for device nix-store

.envrc

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+use_nix
+export GOPATH=$HOME
+export APPVM_CONFIGS=$PWD

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+<!-- Makes sure these boxes are checked before submitting your pull request -- thank you! -->
+
+- [ ] I tested it locally.
+- [ ] I tried to run at least one application VM and it works.

.github/workflows/macos.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+name: macOS
+
+on: [push]
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    name: Build
+    runs-on: macOS-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+
+    - name: Fetch dependencies
+      run: go get -d ./...
+
+    - name: Build
+      run: go build

.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+name: Ubuntu
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    name: Build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+
+    - name: Fetch dependencies
+      run: go get -d ./...
+
+    - name: Build
+      run: go build
+
+  nix-build:
+    name: nix-build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+
+    - name: Install Nix
+      run: |
+        curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh
+        . ~/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh
+        nix-channel --update
+
+    - name: Build
+      run: |
+        . ~/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh
+        make nix

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1 @@
-nix/local.nix
+appvm
-nix/monitor.nix

Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+go:
+	go build
+
+nix:
+	nix-build #-E '((import <nixpkgs> {}).callPackage (import ./default.nix) { })' --option sandbox true --no-out-link

README.md

@@ -1,72 +1,47 @@
+[![Documentation Status](https://readthedocs.org/projects/appvm/badge/?version=latest)](https://appvm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest)
+
 # Nix application VMs: security through virtualization
 
 Simple application VMs (hypervisor-based sandbox) based on Nix package manager.
 
 Uses one **read-only** /nix directory for all appvms. So creating a new appvm (but not first) is just about one minute.
 
-Currently optimized for full screen usage (but remote-viewer has ability to resize window dynamically without change resolution).
+![appvm screenshot](https://gateway.ipfs.io/ipfs/QmetVp2LRwcy3baxuAjDgBPwv5ych5kRfXeULoNpQAFsaP)
 
-![appvm screenshot](screenshots/2018-07-05.png)
+## Installation
 
-## Dependencies
+See [related documentation](https://appvm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html).
 
-    $ sudo apt install golang virt-manager curl git
+## Usage
-    $ sudo usermod -a -G libvirt $USER
 
-    $ echo 'export GOPATH=$HOME/go' >> ~/.bash_profile
+### Search for applications
-    $ echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/bin' >> ~/.bash_profile
-    $ echo 'source ~/.bash_profile' >> ~/.bashrc
-    $ source ~/.bash_profile
 
-You need to **relogin** if you install virt-manager (libvirt) first time.
+    $ appvm search chromium
 
-## Install Nix package manager
+### Run application
-
-    $ sudo mkdir -m 0755 /nix && sudo chown $USER /nix
-    $ curl https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh
-    $ . ~/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh
-
-## Libvirt from user (required if you need access to shared files)
-
-    $ echo user = "\"$USER\"" | sudo tee -a /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf
-    $ sudo systemctl restart libvirtd
-
-## Install appvm tool
-
-    $ go get github.com/jollheef/appvm
-
-## Update appvm tool
-
-    $ go get -u github.com/jollheef/appvm
-
-## Generate resolution
-
-By default uses 1920x1080. If you need to regenerate `appvm/nix/monitor.nix`:
-
-    $ $GOPATH/src/github.com/jollheef/appvm/generate-resolution.sh 3840 2160 > $GOPATH/src/github.com/jollheef/appvm/nix/monitor.nix
-
-Autodetection is a bash-spaghetti, so you need to check results. BTW it's just a X.org monitor section.
-
-## Run application
 
     $ appvm start chromium
     $ # ... long wait for first time, because we need to collect a lot of packages
 
-You can customize local settings in `$GOPATH/github.com/jollheef/appvm/nix/local.nix`.
+### Synchronize remote repos for applications
+
+    $ appvm sync
+
+You can customize local settings in **~/.config/appvm/nix/local.nix**.
 
 Default hotkey to release cursor: ctrl+alt.
 
-## Shared directory
+### Shared directory
 
     $ ls appvm/chromium
     foo.tar.gz
     bar.tar.gz
 
-## Close VM
+### Close VM
 
     $ appvm stop chromium
 
-## Automatic ballooning
+### Automatic ballooning
 
 Add this command:
 
@@ -76,28 +51,3 @@ to crontab like that:
 
     $ crontab -l
     * * * * * /home/user/dev/go/bin/appvm autoballoon
-
-# App description
-
-    $ cat nix/chromium.nix
-    {pkgs, ...}:
-    {
-      imports = [
-        <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix>
-        <nix/base.nix>
-      ];
-
-      environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.chromium ];
-      services.xserver.displayManager.sessionCommands = "while [ 1 ]; do ${pkgs.chromium}/bin/chromium; done &";
-    }
-
-For create new app you should add package name (search at https://nixos.org/nixos/packages.html) and path to binary (typically same as package name).
-
-## Defined applications (pull requests are welcome!)
-
-* chromium
-* thunderbird
-* tdesktop
-* evince
-* libreoffice
-* wire

appvm.go

@@ -8,97 +8,36 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"log"
+	"math/rand"
 	"net"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
 	"strconv"
+	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/digitalocean/go-libvirt"
+	"github.com/go-cmd/cmd"
 	"github.com/jollheef/go-system"
 	"github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter"
 	kingpin "gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2"
 )
 
-var xmlTmpl = `
+type networkModel int
-<domain type='kvm' xmlns:qemu='http://libvirt.org/schemas/domain/qemu/1.0'>
-  <name>%s</name>
-  <memory unit='GiB'>2</memory>
-  <currentMemory unit='GiB'>1</currentMemory>
-  <vcpu>4</vcpu>
-  <os>
-    <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-2.12'>hvm</type>
-    <kernel>%s/kernel</kernel>
-    <initrd>%s/initrd</initrd>
-    <cmdline>loglevel=4 init=%s/init %s</cmdline>
-  </os>
-  <features>
-    <acpi/>
-  </features>
-  <clock offset='utc'/>
-  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
-  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
-  <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
-  <devices>
-    <!-- Graphical console -->
-    <graphics type='spice' autoport='yes'>
-      <listen type='address'/>
-      <image compression='off'/>
-    </graphics>
-    <!-- Guest additionals support -->
-    <channel type='spicevmc'>
-      <target type='virtio' name='com.redhat.spice.0'/>
-    </channel>
-    <!-- Fake (because -snapshot) writeback image -->
-    <disk type='file' device='disk'>
-      <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2' cache='writeback' error_policy='report'/>
-      <source file='%s'/>
-      <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
-    </disk>
-    <video>
-      <model type='qxl' ram='524288' vram='524288' vgamem='262144' heads='1' primary='yes'/>
-      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
-    </video>
-    <!-- filesystems -->
-    <filesystem type='mount' accessmode='passthrough'>
-      <source dir='/nix/store'/>
-      <target dir='store'/>
-      <readonly/>
-    </filesystem>
-    <filesystem type='mount' accessmode='mapped'>
-      <source dir='%s'/>
-      <target dir='xchg'/> <!-- workaround for nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix -->
-    </filesystem>
-    <filesystem type='mount' accessmode='mapped'>
-      <source dir='%s'/>
-      <target dir='shared'/> <!-- workaround for nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix -->
-    </filesystem>
-    <filesystem type='mount' accessmode='mapped'>
-      <source dir='%s'/>
-      <target dir='home'/>
-    </filesystem>
-  </devices>
-  <qemu:commandline>
-    <qemu:arg value='-device'/>
-    <qemu:arg value='e1000,netdev=net0'/>
-    <qemu:arg value='-netdev'/>
-    <qemu:arg value='user,id=net0'/>
-    <qemu:arg value='-snapshot'/>
-  </qemu:commandline>
-</domain>
-`
 
-func generateXML(name, vmNixPath, reginfo, img, sharedDir string) string {
+const (
-	// TODO: Define XML in go
+	networkOffline networkModel = iota
-	return fmt.Sprintf(xmlTmpl, "appvm_"+name, vmNixPath, vmNixPath, vmNixPath,
+	networkQemu    networkModel = iota
-		reginfo, img, sharedDir, sharedDir, sharedDir)
+	networkLibvirt networkModel = iota
-}
+)
 
 func list(l *libvirt.Libvirt) {
 	domains, err := l.Domains()
@@ -108,23 +47,27 @@ func list(l *libvirt.Libvirt) {
 
 	fmt.Println("Started VM:")
 	for _, d := range domains {
-		if d.Name[0:5] == "appvm" {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(d.Name, "appvm") {
 			fmt.Println("\t", d.Name[6:])
 		}
 	}
 
 	fmt.Println("\nAvailable VM:")
-	files, err := ioutil.ReadDir(os.Getenv("GOPATH") + "/src/github.com/jollheef/appvm/nix")
+	files, err := ioutil.ReadDir(configDir + "/nix")
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	for _, f := range files {
-		if f.Name() != "base.nix" &&
+		switch f.Name() {
-			f.Name() != "local.nix" && f.Name() != "monitor.nix" &&
+		case "base.nix":
-			f.Name() != "local.nix.template" && f.Name() != "monitor.nix.template" {
+			continue
-			fmt.Println("\t", f.Name()[0:len(f.Name())-4])
+		case "local.nix":
+			continue
+
 		}
+
+		fmt.Println("\t", f.Name()[0:len(f.Name())-4])
 	}
 }
 
@@ -149,75 +92,200 @@ func copyFile(from, to string) (err error) {
 	return destination.Close()
 }
 
-func start(l *libvirt.Libvirt, name string) {
+func prepareTemplates(appvmPath string) (err error) {
-	// Currently binary-only installation is not supported, because we need *.nix configurations
+	if _, err = os.Stat(appvmPath + "/nix/local.nix"); os.IsNotExist(err) {
-	gopath := os.Getenv("GOPATH")
+		err = ioutil.WriteFile(configDir+"/nix/local.nix", local_nix_template, 0644)
-	appvmPath := gopath + "/src/github.com/jollheef/appvm"
-	err := os.Chdir(appvmPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	// Copy templates
-	if _, err := os.Stat(appvmPath + "/nix/local.nix"); os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		err = copyFile(appvmPath+"/nix/local.nix.template", appvmPath+"/nix/local.nix")
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Fatal(err)
+			return
 		}
 	}
 
-	if _, err := os.Stat(appvmPath + "/nix/monitor.nix"); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+	return
-		err = copyFile(appvmPath+"/nix/monitor.nix.template", appvmPath+"/nix/monitor.nix")
+}
-		if err != nil {
+
-			log.Fatal(err)
+func streamStdOutErr(command *cmd.Cmd) {
+	for {
+		select {
+		case line := <-command.Stdout:
+			fmt.Println(line)
+		case line := <-command.Stderr:
+			fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, line)
 		}
 	}
+}
 
-	stdout, stderr, ret, err := system.System("nix-build", "<nixpkgs/nixos>", "-A", "config.system.build.vm",
+func generateVM(path, name string, verbose bool) (realpath, reginfo, qcow2 string, err error) {
-		"-I", "nixos-config=nix/"+name+".nix", "-I", ".")
+	command := cmd.NewCmdOptions(cmd.Options{Buffered: false, Streaming: true},
-	if err != nil {
+		"nix-build", "<nixpkgs/nixos>", "-A", "config.system.build.vm",
-		log.Fatalln(err, stdout, stderr, ret)
+		"-I", "nixos-config="+path+"/nix/"+name+".nix", "-I", path)
+
+	if verbose {
+		go streamStdOutErr(command)
 	}
 
-	realpath, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks("result/system")
+	status := <-command.Start()
-	if err != nil {
+	if status.Error != nil || status.Exit != 0 {
-		log.Fatal(err)
+		log.Println(status.Error, status.Stdout, status.Stderr)
+		if status.Error != nil {
+			err = status.Error
+		} else {
+			s := fmt.Sprintf("ret code: %d, out: %v, err: %v",
+				status.Exit, status.Stdout, status.Stderr)
+			err = errors.New(s)
+		}
+		return
 	}
 
-	// TODO: Use go regex
+	realpath, err = filepath.EvalSymlinks("result/system")
-	reginfo, _, _, err := system.System("sh", "-c", "cat result/bin/run-nixos-vm | grep -o 'regInfo=.*/registration'")
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
+		return
 	}
 
+	matches, err := filepath.Glob("result/bin/run-*-vm")
+	if err != nil || len(matches) != 1 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	bytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(matches[0])
+	if err != nil || len(matches) != 1 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	match := regexp.MustCompile("regInfo=.*/registration").FindSubmatch(bytes)
+	if len(match) != 1 {
+		err = errors.New("should be one reginfo")
+		return
+	}
+
+	reginfo = string(match[0])
+
 	syscall.Unlink("result")
 
-	qcow2 := "/tmp/.appvm.fake.qcow2"
+	tmpraw := os.Getenv("HOME") + "/appvm/." + name + ".tmp.raw"
-	if _, err := os.Stat(qcow2); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+	qcow2 = os.Getenv("HOME") + "/appvm/." + name + ".fake.qcow2"
-		system.System("qemu-img", "create", "-f", "qcow2", qcow2, "512M")
+	if _, e := os.Stat(qcow2); os.IsNotExist(e) {
-		err := os.Chmod(qcow2, 0400) // qemu run with -snapshot, we only need it for create /dev/vda
+		system.System("qemu-img", "create", "-f", "raw", tmpraw, "40M")
+		system.System("mkfs.ext4", "-L", "nixos", tmpraw)
+		system.System("qemu-img", "convert", "-f", "raw", "-O", "qcow2", tmpraw, qcow2)
+		system.System("rm", tmpraw)
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+func isRunning(l *libvirt.Libvirt, name string) bool {
+	_, err := l.DomainLookupByName("appvm_" + name) // yep, there is no libvirt error handling
+	// VM is destroyed when stop so NO VM means STOPPED
+	return err == nil
+}
+
+func generateAppVM(l *libvirt.Libvirt,
+	nixName, vmName, appvmPath, sharedDir string,
+	verbose bool, network networkModel, gui bool) (qcow2 string, err error) {
+
+	realpath, reginfo, qcow2, err := generateVM(appvmPath, nixName, verbose)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	xml := generateXML(vmName, network, gui, realpath, reginfo, qcow2, sharedDir)
+	_, err = l.DomainCreateXML(xml, libvirt.DomainStartValidate)
+	return
+}
+
+func stupidProgressBar() {
+	const length = 70
+	for {
+		time.Sleep(time.Second / 4)
+		fmt.Printf("\r%s]\r[", strings.Repeat(" ", length))
+		for i := 0; i <= length-2; i++ {
+			time.Sleep(time.Second / 20)
+			fmt.Printf("+")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func fileExists(filename string) bool {
+	info, err := os.Stat(filename)
+	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return false
+	}
+	return !info.IsDir()
+}
+
+func isAppvmConfigurationExists(appvmPath, name string) bool {
+	return fileExists(appvmPath + "/nix/" + name + ".nix")
+}
+
+func start(l *libvirt.Libvirt, name string, verbose bool, network networkModel,
+	gui, stateless bool, args, open string) {
+
+	appvmPath := configDir
+
+	statelessName := fmt.Sprintf("tmp_%d_%s", rand.Int(), name)
+
+	sharedDir := os.Getenv("HOME") + "/appvm/"
+	if stateless {
+		sharedDir += statelessName
+	} else {
+		sharedDir += name
+	}
+
+	os.MkdirAll(sharedDir, 0700)
+
+	vmName := "appvm_"
+	if stateless {
+		vmName += statelessName
+	} else {
+		vmName += name
+	}
+
+	if open != "" {
+		filename := sharedDir + "/" + filepath.Base(open)
+		err := copyFile(open, filename)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Println("Can't copy file")
+			return
+		}
+
+		args += "/home/user/" + filepath.Base(open)
+	}
+
+	if args != "" {
+		err := ioutil.WriteFile(sharedDir+"/"+".args", []byte(args), 0700)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Println("Can't write args")
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !isAppvmConfigurationExists(appvmPath, name) {
+		log.Println("No configuration exists for app, " +
+			"trying to generate")
+		err := generate(name, "", "", false)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Println("Can't auto generate")
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !isRunning(l, vmName) {
+		if !verbose {
+			go stupidProgressBar()
+		}
+
+		qcow2, err := generateAppVM(l, name, vmName, appvmPath, sharedDir,
+			verbose, network, gui)
+		defer os.Remove(qcow2)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
 
-	sharedDir := fmt.Sprintf(os.Getenv("HOME") + "/appvm/" + name)
+	if gui {
-	os.MkdirAll(sharedDir, 0700)
+		cmd := exec.Command("virt-viewer", "-c", "qemu:///system", vmName)
-
+		cmd.Start()
-	// TODO: Search go libraries for manipulate ACL
-	_, _, _, err = system.System("setfacl", "-R", "-m", "u:qemu:rwx", os.Getenv("HOME")+"/appvm/")
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
-
-	xml := generateXML(name, realpath, reginfo, qcow2, sharedDir)
-	_, err = l.DomainCreateXML(xml, libvirt.DomainStartValidate)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	cmd := exec.Command("virt-viewer", "appvm_"+name)
-	cmd.Start()
 }
 
 func stop(l *libvirt.Libvirt, name string) {
@@ -241,36 +309,41 @@ func drop(name string) {
 	os.RemoveAll(appDataPath)
 }
 
-func autoBalloon(l *libvirt.Libvirt) {
+func autoBalloon(l *libvirt.Libvirt, memoryMin, adjustPercent uint64) {
 	domains, err := l.Domains()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	const memoryMin = 512 * 1024 // 512 MiB
-
 	table := tablewriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
 	table.SetHeader([]string{"Application VM", "Used memory", "Current memory", "Max memory", "New memory"})
 	for _, d := range domains {
-		if d.Name[0:5] == "appvm" {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(d.Name, "appvm_") {
 			name := d.Name[6:]
 
 			memoryUsedRaw, err := ioutil.ReadFile(os.Getenv("HOME") + "/appvm/" + name + "/.memory_used")
 			if err != nil {
-				log.Fatal(err)
+				log.Println(err)
+				continue
+			}
+			if len(memoryUsedRaw) == 0 {
+				log.Println("Empty .memory_used file for domain", name)
+				continue
 			}
 			memoryUsedMiB, err := strconv.Atoi(string(memoryUsedRaw[0 : len(memoryUsedRaw)-1]))
 			if err != nil {
-				log.Fatal(err)
+				log.Println(err)
+				continue
 			}
 			memoryUsed := memoryUsedMiB * 1024
 
 			_, memoryMax, memoryCurrent, _, _, err := l.DomainGetInfo(d)
 			if err != nil {
-				log.Fatal(err)
+				log.Println(err)
+				continue
 			}
 
-			memoryNew := uint64(float64(memoryUsed) * 1.2) // +20%
+			memoryNew := uint64(float64(memoryUsed) * (1 + float64(adjustPercent)/100))
 
 			if memoryNew > memoryMax {
 				memoryNew = memoryMax - 1
@@ -282,7 +355,8 @@ func autoBalloon(l *libvirt.Libvirt) {
 
 			err = l.DomainSetMemory(d, memoryNew)
 			if err != nil {
-				log.Fatal(err)
+				log.Println(err)
+				continue
 			}
 
 			table.Append([]string{name,
@@ -295,34 +369,172 @@ func autoBalloon(l *libvirt.Libvirt) {
 	table.Render()
 }
 
-func main() {
+func search(name string) {
-	c, err := net.DialTimeout("unix", "/var/run/libvirt/libvirt-sock", time.Second)
+	command := exec.Command("nix", "search", name)
+	bytes, err := command.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(string(bytes), "\n") {
+		fmt.Println(line)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func sync() {
+	err := exec.Command("nix-channel", "--update").Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalln(err)
+	}
+
+	err = exec.Command("nix", "search", "-u").Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalln(err)
+	}
+
+	log.Println("Done")
+}
+
+func cleanupStatelessVMs(l *libvirt.Libvirt) {
+	domains, err := l.Domains()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	l := libvirt.New(c)
+	dirs, err := ioutil.ReadDir(appvmHomesDir)
-	if err := l.Connect(); err != nil {
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	for _, f := range dirs {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(f.Name(), "tmp_") {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		alive := false
+		for _, d := range domains {
+			if d.Name == "appvm_"+f.Name() {
+				alive = true
+			}
+		}
+		if !alive {
+			os.RemoveAll(appvmHomesDir + f.Name())
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func parseNetworkModel(flagOffline bool, flagNetworking string) networkModel {
+	if flagNetworking != "" && flagOffline {
+		log.Fatal("Can't use both --network and --offline switches")
+	}
+	if flagOffline || flagNetworking == "offline" {
+		return networkOffline
+	}
+	if flagNetworking == "libvirt" {
+		return networkLibvirt
+	}
+	if flagNetworking == "qemu" {
+		return networkQemu
+	}
+	return networkQemu // qemu is the default network model
+}
+
+var configDir = os.Getenv("HOME") + "/.config/appvm/"
+var appvmHomesDir = os.Getenv("HOME") + "/appvm/"
+
+func main() {
+	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+
+	os.Mkdir(os.Getenv("HOME")+"/appvm", 0700)
+
+	os.MkdirAll(configDir+"/nix", 0700)
+
+	err := writeBuiltinApps(configDir + "/nix")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(configDir+"/nix/base.nix", baseNix(), 0644)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Copy templates
+	err = prepareTemplates(configDir)
+	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	defer l.Disconnect()
 
 	kingpin.Command("list", "List applications")
-	kingpin.Command("autoballoon", "Automatically adjust/reduce app vm memory")
+	autoballonCommand := kingpin.Command("autoballoon", "Automatically adjust/reduce app vm memory")
-	startName := kingpin.Command("start", "Start application").Arg("name", "Application name").Required().String()
+	minMemory := autoballonCommand.Flag("min-memory", "Set minimal memory (megabytes)").Default("1024").Uint64()
+	adjustPercent := autoballonCommand.Flag("adj-memory", "Adjust memory amount (percents)").Default("20").Uint64()
+
+	startCommand := kingpin.Command("start", "Start application")
+	startName := startCommand.Arg("name", "Application name").Required().String()
+	startQuiet := startCommand.Flag("quiet", "Less verbosity").Bool()
+	startArgs := startCommand.Flag("args", "Command line arguments").String()
+	startOpen := startCommand.Flag("open", "Pass file to application").String()
+	startOffline := startCommand.Flag("offline", "Disconnect").Bool()
+	startCli := startCommand.Flag("cli", "Disable graphics mode, enable serial").Bool()
+	startStateless := startCommand.Flag("stateless", "Do not use default state directory").Bool()
+	startNetwork := startCommand.Flag("network", "Used networking model").Enum("offline", "qemu", "libvirt")
+
 	stopName := kingpin.Command("stop", "Stop application").Arg("name", "Application name").Required().String()
 	dropName := kingpin.Command("drop", "Remove application data").Arg("name", "Application name").Required().String()
 
+	generateCommand := kingpin.Command("generate", "Generate appvm definition")
+	generateName := generateCommand.Arg("name", "Nix package name").Required().String()
+	generateBin := generateCommand.Arg("bin", "Binary").Default("").String()
+	generateVMName := generateCommand.Flag("vm", "Use VM Name").Default("").String()
+	generateBuildVM := generateCommand.Flag("build", "Build VM").Bool()
+
+	searchCommand := kingpin.Command("search", "Search for application")
+	searchName := searchCommand.Arg("name", "Application name").Required().String()
+
+	kingpin.Command("sync", "Synchronize remote repos for applications")
+
+	var l *libvirt.Libvirt
+	if kingpin.Parse() != "generate" {
+		c, err := net.DialTimeout(
+			"unix",
+			"/var/run/libvirt/libvirt-sock",
+			time.Second,
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		l = libvirt.New(c)
+		if err := l.Connect(); err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		defer l.Disconnect()
+
+		cleanupStatelessVMs(l)
+	}
+
 	switch kingpin.Parse() {
 	case "list":
 		list(l)
+	case "search":
+		search(*searchName)
+	case "generate":
+		generate(*generateName, *generateBin, *generateVMName,
+			*generateBuildVM)
 	case "start":
-		start(l, *startName)
+		networkModel := parseNetworkModel(*startOffline, *startNetwork)
+		start(l, *startName,
+			!*startQuiet, networkModel, !*startCli, *startStateless,
+			*startArgs, *startOpen)
 	case "stop":
 		stop(l, *stopName)
 	case "drop":
 		drop(*dropName)
 	case "autoballoon":
-		autoBalloon(l)
+		autoBalloon(l, *minMemory*1024, *adjustPercent)
+	case "sync":
+		sync()
 	}
 }

base.nix.go

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"os/user"
+)
+
+var base_nix = `
+{pkgs, ...}:
+{
+  imports = [
+    <nix/local.nix>
+  ];
+
+  services.xserver = {
+    enable = true;
+    desktopManager.xterm.enable = false;
+    displayManager = {
+      lightdm.enable = true;
+      autoLogin = {
+        enable = true;
+        user = "user";
+      };
+    };
+    windowManager.xmonad.enable = true;
+  };
+
+  services.spice-vdagentd.enable = true;
+
+  users.extraUsers.user = {
+    uid = %s;
+    isNormalUser = true;
+    extraGroups = [ "audio" ];
+    createHome = true;
+  };
+
+  environment.etc."xmonad.hs".text = ''
+import XMonad
+main = xmonad def
+  { workspaces = [ "" ]
+  , borderWidth = 0
+  , startupHook = startup
+  }
+
+startup :: X ()
+startup = do
+  spawn "while [ 1 ]; do ${pkgs.spice-vdagent}/bin/spice-vdagent -x; done &"
+  '';
+
+  systemd.services.home-user-build-xmonad = {
+    description = "Link xmonad configuration";
+    serviceConfig = {
+      ExecStart = "/bin/sh -c 'mkdir -p /home/user/.xmonad && ln -sf /etc/xmonad.hs /home/user/.xmonad/xmonad.hs && /run/current-system/sw/bin/xmonad --recompile'";
+      RemainAfterExit = "yes";
+      User = "user";
+      Restart = "on-failure";
+      TimeoutSec = 10;
+    };
+    wantedBy = [ "multi-user.target" ];
+  };
+
+  systemd.services.mount-home-user = {
+    description = "Mount /home/user (crutch)";
+    serviceConfig = {
+      ExecStart = "/bin/sh -c '/run/current-system/sw/bin/mount -t 9p -o trans=virtio,version=9p2000.L home /home/user'";
+      RemainAfterExit = "yes";
+      Type = "oneshot";
+      User = "root";
+    };
+    wantedBy = [ "sysinit.target" ];
+  };
+
+  systemd.user.services."xrandr" = {
+    serviceConfig = {
+      StartLimitBurst = 100;
+    };
+    script = "${pkgs.xorg.xrandr}/bin/xrandr --output Virtual-1 --mode $(${pkgs.xorg.xrandr}/bin/xrandr | grep '   ' | head -n 2 | tail -n 1 | ${pkgs.gawk}/bin/awk '{ print $1 }')";
+  };
+
+  systemd.user.timers."xrandr" = {
+    description = "Auto update resolution crutch";
+    timerConfig = {
+      OnBootSec = "1s";
+      OnUnitInactiveSec = "1s";
+      Unit = "xrandr.service";
+      AccuracySec = "1us";
+    };
+    wantedBy = ["timers.target"];
+  };
+
+  systemd.services."autoballoon" = {
+    serviceConfig = {
+      StartLimitBurst = 100;
+    };
+    script = ''
+      ${pkgs.procps}/bin/free -m | grep Mem | \
+        ${pkgs.gawk}/bin/awk '{print $2 "-" $4}' | \
+        ${pkgs.bc}/bin/bc > /home/user/.memory_used
+    '';
+  };
+
+  systemd.timers."autoballoon" = {
+    description = "Auto update resolution crutch";
+    timerConfig = {
+      OnBootSec = "1s";
+      OnUnitInactiveSec = "1s";
+      Unit = "autoballoon.service";
+      AccuracySec = "1us";
+    };
+    wantedBy = ["timers.target"];
+  };
+}
+`
+
+func baseNix() []byte {
+	u, err := user.Current()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return []byte(fmt.Sprintf(base_nix, u.Uid))
+}

builtin.go

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"io/ioutil"
+)
+
+// Builtin VMs
+
+type app struct {
+	Name string
+	Nix  []byte
+}
+
+var builtin_chromium_nix = app{
+	Name: "chromium",
+	Nix: []byte(`
+{pkgs, ...}:
+let
+  application = "${pkgs.chromium}/bin/chromium";
+  appRunner = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "app" ''
+    ARGS_FILE=/home/user/.args
+    ARGS=$(cat $ARGS_FILE)
+    rm $ARGS_FILE
+
+    ${application} $ARGS
+    systemctl poweroff
+  '';
+in {
+  imports = [
+    <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix>
+    <nix/base.nix>
+  ];
+
+  programs.chromium = {
+    enable = true;
+    extensions = [
+      "cjpalhdlnbpafiamejdnhcphjbkeiagm" # uBlock Origin
+      "gcbommkclmclpchllfjekcdonpmejbdp" # HTTPS Everywhere
+      "fihnjjcciajhdojfnbdddfaoknhalnja" # I don't care about cookies
+    ];
+  };
+
+  services.xserver.displayManager.sessionCommands = "${appRunner}/bin/app &";
+}
+`),
+}
+
+func writeBuiltinApps(path string) (err error) {
+	for _, f := range []app{
+		builtin_chromium_nix,
+	} {
+		err = ioutil.WriteFile(configDir+"/nix/"+f.Name+".nix", f.Nix, 0644)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}

default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+{ pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> {}, ... }:
+let
+  virt-manager-without-menu = pkgs.virt-viewer.overrideAttrs(x: {
+    patches = [
+      ./patches/0001-Remove-menu-bar.patch
+      ./patches/0002-Do-not-grab-keyboard-mouse.patch
+      ./patches/0003-Use-name-of-appvm-applications-as-a-title.patch
+      ./patches/0004-Use-title-application-name-as-subtitle.patch
+    ];
+  });
+in with pkgs;
+
+buildGoModule rec {
+  pname = "appvm";
+  version = "master";
+
+  buildInputs = [ makeWrapper ];
+
+  src = ./.;
+
+  vendorHash = "sha256-8eU+Mf5dxL/bAMMShXvj8I1Kdd4ysBTWvgYIXwLStPI=";
+
+  postFixup = ''
+    wrapProgram $out/bin/appvm \
+      --prefix PATH : "${lib.makeBinPath [ nix virt-manager-without-menu ]}"
+  '';
+
+  meta = {
+    description = "Nix-based app VMs";
+    homepage = "https://code.dumpstack.io/tools/${pname}";
+    maintainers = [ lib.maintainers.dump_stack lib.maintainers.cab404 ];
+    license = lib.licenses.gpl3;
+  };
+}

docs/architecture.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Architecture
+============
+
+*TODO*

docs/index.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+appvm
+=====
+
+*appvm* is the thin easy-to-use hypervisor-based sandboxing software.
+
+*appvm* was created for the purpose of decreasing complexity of using
+graphical software inside virtual machines, at the same time
+maintaining reasonable security and keep *appvm* itself simple and
+portable.
+
+While I'm trying to keep that documentation up-to-date, there may be
+some missing information. Use ``appvm --help-long`` for checking all
+features.
+
+If you found anything missed here, please make a pull request or send
+patches to patch@dumpstack.io.
+
+If you need personal support, your company is interested in the
+project or you just want to share some thoughts -- feel free to create
+a new issue or write to root@dumpstack.io.
+
+Contents
+========
+
+:ref:`Keyword Index <genindex>`
+
+.. toctree::
+
+   architecture.rst
+   threat-model.rst

docs/installation.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+Installation
+============
+
+NixOS
+-----
+
+  virtualisation.appvm = {
+    enable = true;
+    user = "${username}";
+  };
+
+Ubuntu 20.04
+------
+
+Requirements::
+
+  sudo apt install virt-manager curl git
+  echo user = "\"$USER\"" | sudo tee -a /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf
+  echo '/var/tmp/** rwlk,' | sudo tee -a /etc/apparmor.d/local/abstractions/libvirt-qemu
+  curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh
+  systemctl reboot
+
+Use latest stable nixpkgs channel::
+
+  nix-channel --add https://nixos.org/channels/nixos-20.03 nixpkgs
+  nix-channel --update
+
+Install appvm::
+
+  nix-env -if https://code.dumpstack.io/tools/appvm/archive/master.tar.gz

docs/threat-model.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Threat model
+=======================
+
+*TODO*

dot-desktop-fuse/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"github.com/hanwen/go-fuse/v2/fs"
+	"github.com/hanwen/go-fuse/v2/fuse"
+)
+
+type ddf struct {
+	Path string
+	fs.Inode
+}
+
+func (r *ddf) OnAdd(ctx context.Context) {
+	files, err := ioutil.ReadDir(r.Path)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	for _, file := range files {
+		b, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filepath.Join(r.Path, file.Name()))
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if bytes.Contains(b, []byte("Actions=")) {
+			b = bytes.ReplaceAll(b, []byte("Actions="), []byte("Actions=appvm;"))
+		} else {
+			b = bytes.ReplaceAll(b, []byte("Exec="), []byte("Actions=appvm;\nExec="))
+		}
+
+		raw := string(regexp.MustCompile("Exec=[a-zA-Z0-9]*").Find(b))
+
+		var app string
+		if len(raw) > 5 {
+			app = string(raw)[5:]
+		} else {
+			log.Println("Can't find Exec entry for", file.Name())
+			continue
+		}
+
+		b = append(b, []byte("\n[Desktop Action appvm]\n")...)
+		b = append(b, []byte("Name=Open in appvm\n")...)
+		b = append(b, []byte("Exec=appvm start "+app+"\n")...)
+
+		ch := r.NewPersistentInode(
+			ctx, &fs.MemRegularFile{
+				Data: b,
+				Attr: fuse.Attr{Mode: 0444},
+			}, fs.StableAttr{})
+		r.AddChild(file.Name(), ch, false)
+	}
+}
+
+var _ = (fs.NodeOnAdder)((*ddf)(nil))
+
+func setupSigintHandler(server *fuse.Server) {
+	c := make(chan os.Signal)
+	signal.Notify(c, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM)
+	go func() {
+		<-c
+		server.Unmount()
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}()
+}
+
+func main() {
+	const from = "/var/run/current-system/sw/share/applications/"
+
+	to := filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), "/.local/share/applications")
+	os.MkdirAll(to, 0755)
+
+	server, err := fs.Mount(to, &ddf{Path: from}, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	setupSigintHandler(server)
+	server.Wait()
+}

generate-resolution.sh

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-if [[ "$1" == "" || "$2" == "" ]]; then
-    echo -e "Usage:\t$0 X Y"
-    exit 1
-fi
-
-MONITOR_SIZE="$(xrandr | grep mm | head -n 1 | awk '{ print $(NF-2) " " $(NF) }' | sed 's/mm//g')"
-CVT="$(cvt ${1} ${2} | grep Modeline)"
-echo "{"
-echo "  services.xserver.monitorSection = ''"
-echo "    " ${CVT}
-echo "    " Option '"PreferredMode"' $(echo ${CVT} | awk '{ print $2 }')
-echo "    " DisplaySize ${MONITOR_SIZE} # In millimeters
-echo "  '';"
-echo "}"

generate.go

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+var template = `
+{pkgs, ...}:
+let
+  application = "${pkgs.%s}/bin/%s";
+  appRunner = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "app" ''
+    ARGS_FILE=/home/user/.args
+    ARGS=$(cat $ARGS_FILE)
+    rm $ARGS_FILE
+
+    ${application} $ARGS
+    systemctl poweroff
+  '';
+in {
+  imports = [
+    <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix>
+    <nix/base.nix>
+  ];
+
+  services.xserver.displayManager.sessionCommands = "${appRunner}/bin/app &";
+}
+`
+
+func isPackageExists(channel, name string) bool {
+	return nil == exec.Command("nix-build", "<"+channel+">", "-A", name).Run()
+}
+
+func nixPath(name string) (path string, err error) {
+	command := exec.Command("nix", "path-info", name)
+	bytes, err := command.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	path = string(bytes)
+	return
+}
+
+func guessChannel() (channel string, err error) {
+	command := exec.Command("nix-channel", "--list")
+	bytes, err := command.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	channels := strings.Split(string(bytes), "\n")
+	for _, line := range channels {
+		fields := strings.Fields(line)
+		if len(fields) == 2 {
+			if strings.Contains(fields[1], "nixos.org/channels") {
+				channel = fields[0]
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = errors.New("No channel found")
+	return
+}
+
+func filterDotfiles(files []os.FileInfo) (notHiddenFiles []os.FileInfo) {
+	for _, f := range files {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(f.Name(), ".") {
+			notHiddenFiles = append(notHiddenFiles, f)
+		}
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func generate(pkg, bin, vmname string, build bool) (err error) {
+	// TODO refactor
+	var name, channel string
+
+	if strings.Contains(pkg, ".") {
+		channel = strings.Split(pkg, ".")[0]
+		name = strings.Join(strings.Split(pkg, ".")[1:], ".")
+	} else {
+		log.Println("Package name does not contains channel")
+		log.Println("Trying to guess")
+
+		channel, err = guessChannel()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Println("Cannot guess channel")
+			log.Println("Check nix-channel --list")
+			log.Println("Will try <nixpkgs>")
+			channel = "nixpkgs"
+			err = nil
+		}
+
+		name = pkg
+		log.Println("Use", channel+"."+pkg)
+	}
+
+	if !isPackageExists(channel, name) {
+		s := "Package " + name + " does not exists"
+		err = errors.New(s)
+		log.Println(s)
+		return
+	}
+
+	path, err := nixPath(channel + "." + name)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Println("Cannot find nix path")
+		return
+	}
+
+	path = strings.TrimSpace(path)
+
+	files, err := ioutil.ReadDir(path + "/bin/")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Println(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if bin == "" && len(files) != 1 {
+		fmt.Println("There's more than one binary in */bin")
+		fmt.Println("Files in", path+"/bin/:")
+		for _, f := range files {
+			fmt.Println("\t", f.Name())
+		}
+
+		log.Println("Trying to guess binary")
+		var found bool = false
+
+		notHiddenFiles := filterDotfiles(files)
+		if len(notHiddenFiles) == 1 {
+			log.Println("Use", notHiddenFiles[0].Name())
+			bin = notHiddenFiles[0].Name()
+			found = true
+		}
+
+		if !found {
+			for _, f := range files {
+				parts := strings.Split(pkg, ".")
+				if f.Name() == parts[len(parts)-1] {
+					log.Println("Use", f.Name())
+					bin = f.Name()
+					found = true
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !found {
+			log.Println("Cannot guess in */bin, " +
+				"you should specify one of them explicitly")
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	if bin != "" {
+		var found bool = false
+		for _, f := range files {
+			if bin == f.Name() {
+				found = true
+			}
+		}
+		if !found {
+			log.Println("There's no such file in */bin")
+			return
+		}
+	} else {
+		bin = files[0].Name()
+	}
+
+	var appFilename string
+	if vmname != "" {
+		appFilename = configDir + "/nix/" + vmname + ".nix"
+	} else {
+		appFilename = configDir + "/nix/" + name + ".nix"
+	}
+
+	appNixConfig := fmt.Sprintf(template, name, bin)
+
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(appFilename, []byte(appNixConfig), 0600)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Println(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	fmt.Print(appNixConfig + "\n")
+	log.Println("Configuration file is saved to", appFilename)
+
+	if build {
+		if vmname != "" {
+			_, _, _, err = generateVM(configDir, vmname, true)
+		} else {
+			_, _, _, err = generateVM(configDir, name, true)
+		}
+
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}

go.mod

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+module code.dumpstack.io/tools/appvm
+
+go 1.16
+
+require (
+	github.com/alecthomas/template v0.0.0-20190718012654-fb15b899a751 // indirect
+	github.com/alecthomas/units v0.0.0-20210927113745-59d0afb8317a // indirect
+	github.com/digitalocean/go-libvirt v0.0.0-20210723161134-761cfeeb5968
+	github.com/go-cmd/cmd v1.3.1
+	github.com/hanwen/go-fuse/v2 v2.1.0
+	github.com/jollheef/go-system v0.0.0-20160710075518-6ed6b1d2b8db
+	github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v0.0.5
+	gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2 v2.2.6
+)

go.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+github.com/alecthomas/template v0.0.0-20190718012654-fb15b899a751 h1:JYp7IbQjafoB+tBA3gMyHYHrpOtNuDiK/uB5uXxq5wM=
+github.com/alecthomas/template v0.0.0-20190718012654-fb15b899a751/go.mod h1:LOuyumcjzFXgccqObfd/Ljyb9UuFJ6TxHnclSeseNhc=
+github.com/alecthomas/units v0.0.0-20210927113745-59d0afb8317a h1:E/8AP5dFtMhl5KPJz66Kt9G0n+7Sn41Fy1wv9/jHOrc=
+github.com/alecthomas/units v0.0.0-20210927113745-59d0afb8317a/go.mod h1:OMCwj8VM1Kc9e19TLln2VL61YJF0x1XFtfdL4JdbSyE=
+github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0 h1:ZDRjVQ15GmhC3fiQ8ni8+OwkZQO4DARzQgrnXU1Liz8=
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+github.com/digitalocean/go-libvirt v0.0.0-20210723161134-761cfeeb5968/go.mod h1:o129ljs6alsIQTc8d6eweihqpmmrbxZ2g1jhgjhPykI=
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+github.com/go-test/deep v1.0.7 h1:/VSMRlnY/JSyqxQUzQLKVMAskpY/NZKFA5j2P+0pP2M=
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+gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c h1:dUUwHk2QECo/6vqA44rthZ8ie2QXMNeKRTHCNY2nXvo=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=

local.nix.template.go

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package main
+
+var local_nix_template = []byte(`
+{
+  #services.xserver.xkbOptions = "ctrl:nocaps";
+}
+`)

nix/base.nix

@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-{pkgs, ...}:
-{
-  imports = [
-    <nix/monitor.nix>
-    <nix/local.nix>
-  ];
-
-  system.nixos.stateVersion = "18.03";
-
-  services.xserver = {
-    enable = true;
-    desktopManager.xterm.enable = false;
-    displayManager.slim = {
-      enable = true;
-      defaultUser = "user";
-      autoLogin = true;
-    };
-    windowManager.xmonad.enable = true;
-    windowManager.default = "xmonad";
-  };
-
-  services.spice-vdagentd.enable = true;
-
-  users.extraUsers.user = {
-    isNormalUser = true;
-    extraGroups = [ "audio" ];
-    createHome = true;
-  };
-
-  environment.etc."xmonad.hs".text = ''
-import XMonad
-main = xmonad defaultConfig
-  { workspaces = [ "" ]
-  , borderWidth = 0
-  , startupHook = startup
-  }
-
-startup :: X ()
-startup = do
-  spawn "spice-vdagent"
-  '';
-
-  environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.bc ];
-  services.cron = {
-    enable = true;
-    systemCronJobs = [
-      "* * * * *      root    free -m | grep Mem | awk '{print $2 \"-\" $4}' | bc > /home/user/.memory_used"
-    ];
-  };
-
-  systemd.services.home-user-build-xmonad = {
-    description = "Create and xmonad configuration";
-    serviceConfig = {
-      ConditionFileNotEmpty = "!/home/user/.xmonad/xmonad.hs";
-      ExecStart = "/bin/sh -c 'mkdir -p /home/user/.xmonad && ln -s /etc/xmonad.hs /home/user/.xmonad/xmonad.hs'";
-      RemainAfterExit = "yes";
-      Type = "oneshot";
-      User = "user";
-    };
-    wantedBy = [ "multi-user.target" ];
-  };
-
-  systemd.services.mount-home-user = {
-    description = "Mount /home/user (crutch)";
-    serviceConfig = {
-      ExecStart = "/bin/sh -c '/run/current-system/sw/bin/mount -t 9p -o trans=virtio,version=9p2000.L,uid=1000 home /home/user'";
-      RemainAfterExit = "yes";
-      Type = "oneshot";
-      User = "root";
-    };
-    wantedBy = [ "sysinit.target" ];
-  };
-}

nix/chromium.nix

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-{pkgs, ...}:
-{
-  imports = [
-    <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix>
-    <nix/base.nix>
-  ];
-
-  environment.etc."chromium/policies/managed/plugins.json".text = ''
-{
-    "ExtensionInstallForcelist": [
-        // uBlock Origin (https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/ublock-origin/cjpalhdlnbpafiamejdnhcphjbkeiagm)
-        "cjpalhdlnbpafiamejdnhcphjbkeiagm;https://clients2.google.com/service/update2/crx",
-        // HTTPS Everywhere (https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/https-everywhere/gcbommkclmclpchllfjekcdonpmejbdp)
-        "gcbommkclmclpchllfjekcdonpmejbdp;https://clients2.google.com/service/update2/crx",
-    ]
-}
-  '';
-
-  environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.chromium ];
-  services.xserver.displayManager.sessionCommands = "while [ 1 ]; do ${pkgs.chromium}/bin/chromium; done &";
-}

nix/evince.nix

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-{pkgs, ...}:
-{
-  imports = [
-    <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix>
-    <nix/base.nix>
-  ];
-
-  environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.evince ];
-  services.xserver.displayManager.sessionCommands = "while [ 1 ]; do ${pkgs.evince}/bin/evince; done &";
-}

nix/libreoffice.nix

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-{pkgs, ...}:
-{
-  imports = [
-    <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix>
-    <nix/base.nix>
-  ];
-
-  environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.libreoffice ];
-  services.xserver.displayManager.sessionCommands = "while [ 1 ]; do ${pkgs.libreoffice}/bin/soffice; done &";
-}

nix/local.nix.template

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-{
-  services.xserver.layout = "us,ru";
-  services.xserver.xkbOptions = "ctrl:nocaps,grp:rctrl_toggle";
-}

nix/monitor.nix.template

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-{
-  services.xserver.monitorSection = ''
-     Modeline "1920x1080_60.00" 173.00 1920 2048 2248 2576 1080 1083 1088 1120 -hsync +vsync
-     Option "PreferredMode" "1920x1080_60.00"
-  '';
-}

nix/tdesktop.nix

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-{pkgs, ...}:
-{
-  imports = [
-    <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix>
-    <nix/base.nix>
-  ];
-
-  environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.tdesktop ];
-  services.xserver.displayManager.sessionCommands = "while [ 1 ]; do ${pkgs.tdesktop}/bin/telegram-desktop; done &";
-}

nix/thunderbird.nix

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-{pkgs, ...}:
-{
-  imports = [
-    <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix>
-    <nix/base.nix>
-  ];
-
-  environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.thunderbird ];
-  services.xserver.displayManager.sessionCommands = "while [ 1 ]; do ${pkgs.thunderbird}/bin/thunderbird; done &";
-}

nix/wire.nix

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-{pkgs, ...}:
-{
-  imports = [
-    <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix>
-    <nix/base.nix>
-  ];
-
-  environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.wire-desktop ];
-  services.xserver.displayManager.sessionCommands = "while [ 1 ]; do ${pkgs.wire-desktop}/bin/wire-desktop; done &";
-}

nixos/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+params@{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
+let
+  cfg = config.virtualisation.appvm;
+  appvm = import ../. params;
+in with lib; {
+
+  options = {
+    virtualisation.appvm = {
+      enable = mkOption {
+        type = types.bool;
+        default = false;
+        description = ''
+          This enables AppVMs and related virtualisation settings.
+        '';
+      };
+      user = mkOption {
+        type = types.str;
+        description = ''
+          AppVM user login. Currenly only AppVMs are supported for a single user only.
+        '';
+      };
+    };
+
+  };
+
+  config = mkIf cfg.enable {
+    virtualisation.libvirtd = {
+      enable = true;
+      qemuVerbatimConfig = ''
+        namespaces = []
+        user = "${cfg.user}"
+        group = "users"
+        remember_owner = 0
+      '';
+    };
+
+    users.users."${cfg.user}" = {
+      packages = [ appvm ];
+      extraGroups = [ "libvirtd" ];
+    };
+
+  };
+
+}

os/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+*.iso
+target.nix
+result
+nixos.qcow2

os/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+test: vm cleanup
+
+vm:
+	ln -sf vm.nix target.nix
+	nix-build '<nixpkgs/nixos>' -A vm -I nixos-config=configuration.nix
+	@echo "Use Ctrl-Alt-Q to close VM" | grep --color=always '.*'
+	./result/bin/run-nixos-vm -cpu host
+
+cleanup:
+	rm -f nixos.qcow2
+	unlink result
+
+iso:
+	@echo "Not yet available. Use \`make live-iso\`." | grep --color=always '.*'
+
+live-iso:
+	ln -sf live-iso.nix target.nix
+	nix-build '<nixpkgs/nixos>' -A config.system.build.isoImage -I nixos-config=configuration.nix
+	cp result/iso/* appvm.iso
+	unlink result

os/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# $Placeholder OS
+
+The primary goal of appvm is to provide application VMs as a tool, but some people ask for a complete distro so why not.
+
+## Usage
+
+    make test
+
+or
+
+    make live-iso

os/configuration.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+{ config, pkgs, lib, ... }:
+
+let
+  appvm = (import ../default.nix);
+in {
+  imports = [
+    <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/installer/cd-dvd/channel.nix>
+    ./target.nix
+    #./hardware-configuration.nix
+  ];
+
+  time.timeZone = "UTC";
+
+  boot.loader.systemd-boot.enable = true;
+
+  # You can not use networking.networkmanager with networking.wireless
+  networking.wireless.enable = false;
+
+  users.users.user = {
+    isNormalUser = true;
+    initialPassword = "user";   # should be changed right after start
+    extraGroups = [ "audio" "libvirtd" ];
+  };
+
+  virtualisation.libvirtd = {
+    enable = true;
+    qemuVerbatimConfig = ''
+      namespaces = []
+      user = "user"
+      group = "users"
+    '';
+  };
+
+  systemd.user.services."dot-desktop-fuse" = {
+    serviceConfig = {
+      ExecStart = "${appvm}/bin/dot-desktop-fuse";
+      Restart = "on-failure";
+    };
+    path = [ "/run/wrappers" ];
+    wantedBy = [ "default.target" ];
+  };
+
+  systemd.user.services."autoballoon" = {
+    serviceConfig.StartLimitBurst = 64;
+    script = "${appvm}/bin/appvm autoballoon";
+  };
+
+  systemd.user.timers."autoballoon" = {
+    description = "Autoupdate resolution crutch";
+    timerConfig = {
+      OnBootSec = "1s";
+      OnUnitInactiveSec = "1s";
+      Unit = "autoballoon.service";
+      AccuracySec = "1us";
+    };
+    wantedBy = ["timers.target"];
+  };
+
+  environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
+    appvm virtmanager chromium
+    # Cache packages required for application VMs
+    xmonad-with-packages spice-vdagent bc qemu_test lightdm
+  ];
+
+  services.xserver.enable = true;
+  services.xserver.displayManager.gdm = {
+    enable = true;
+    wayland = false;            # FIXME
+    autoLogin = {
+      enable = true;
+      user = "user";
+    };
+  };
+
+  services.xserver.desktopManager.gnome3.enable = true;
+}

os/live-iso.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  imports = [
+    #<nixpkgs/nixos/modules/profiles/hardened.nix>
+    <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/installer/cd-dvd/installation-cd-minimal.nix>
+  ];
+}

os/vm.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  # vm.nix is used for testing only
+  users.users.root.initialPassword = "root";
+  virtualisation.memorySize = 8196;
+}

patches/0001-Remove-menu-bar.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+diff --git a/src/resources/ui/virt-viewer.ui b/src/resources/ui/virt-viewer.ui
+index 430f879..68856fc 100644
+--- a/src/resources/ui/virt-viewer.ui
++++ b/src/resources/ui/virt-viewer.ui
+@@ -137,7 +137,6 @@
+     </child>
+     <child type="titlebar">
+       <object class="GtkHeaderBar" id="header">
+-        <property name="visible">True</property>
+         <property name="can-focus">False</property>
+         <property name="show-close-button">True</property>
+         <child>

patches/0002-Do-not-grab-keyboard-mouse.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+diff --git a/src/virt-viewer-display-spice.c b/src/virt-viewer-display-spice.c
+index 2265f02..1d60d81 100644
+--- a/src/virt-viewer-display-spice.c
++++ b/src/virt-viewer-display-spice.c
+@@ -317,8 +317,8 @@ virt_viewer_display_spice_new(VirtViewerSessionSpice *session,
+     gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(self), GTK_WIDGET(self->display));
+     gtk_widget_show(GTK_WIDGET(self->display));
+     g_object_set(self->display,
+-                 "grab-keyboard", TRUE,
+-                 "grab-mouse", TRUE,
++                 "grab-keyboard", FALSE,
++                 "grab-mouse", FALSE,
+                  "resize-guest", FALSE,
+                  "scaling", TRUE,
+                  NULL);

patches/0003-Use-name-of-appvm-applications-as-a-title.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+diff --git a/src/virt-viewer-window.c b/src/virt-viewer-window.c
+index fe740ce..d45fd4f 100644
+--- a/src/virt-viewer-window.c
++++ b/src/virt-viewer-window.c
+@@ -1342,6 +1342,9 @@ virt_viewer_window_update_title(VirtViewerWindow *self)
+                                     grabhint,
+                                     g_get_application_name());
+         }
++    } else if (g_str_has_prefix(self->subtitle, "appvm_")) {
++        /* Use name of the application as a title */
++        title = g_strdup_printf(_("%s"), &self->subtitle[strlen("appvm_")]);
+     } else if (self->subtitle) {
+         /* translators:
+          * This is "<subtitle> - <appname>"

patches/0004-Use-title-application-name-as-subtitle.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+diff --git a/src/virt-viewer-app.c b/src/virt-viewer-app.c
+index b977b7b..36bce34 100644
+--- a/src/virt-viewer-app.c
++++ b/src/virt-viewer-app.c
+@@ -976,6 +976,7 @@ virt_viewer_app_set_window_subtitle(VirtViewerApp *app,
+             *d = '%';
+         } else
+             subtitle = g_strdup_printf("%s (%s)", title, desc);
++	subtitle = g_strdup_printf("%s", title);
+         g_free(desc);
+     }
+ 

shell.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{ pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> {} }:
+with pkgs; mkShell {
+  buildInputs = [ go virt-viewer virtmanager ];
+}

xml.go

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+package main
+
+import "fmt"
+
+// You may think that you want to rewrite to proper golang structures.
+// Believe me, you shouldn't.
+
+func generateXML(vmName string, network networkModel, gui bool,
+	vmNixPath, reginfo, img, sharedDir string) string {
+
+	devices := ""
+
+	if gui {
+		devices = guiDevices
+	}
+
+	qemuParams := qemuParamsDefault
+
+	if network == networkQemu {
+		qemuParams = qemuParamsWithNetwork
+	} else if network == networkLibvirt {
+		devices += netDevices
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf(xmlTmpl, vmName, vmNixPath, vmNixPath, vmNixPath,
+		reginfo, img, sharedDir, sharedDir, sharedDir, devices, qemuParams)
+}
+
+var qemuParamsDefault = `
+  <qemu:commandline>
+    <qemu:arg value='-snapshot'/>
+  </qemu:commandline>
+`
+
+var qemuParamsWithNetwork = `
+  <qemu:commandline>
+    <qemu:arg value='-device'/>
+    <qemu:arg value='e1000,netdev=net0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x10'/>
+    <qemu:arg value='-netdev'/>
+    <qemu:arg value='user,id=net0'/>
+    <qemu:arg value='-snapshot'/>
+  </qemu:commandline>
+`
+
+var netDevices = `
+    <interface type='network'>
+      <source network='default'/>
+    </interface>
+`
+
+var guiDevices = `
+    <!-- Graphical console -->
+    <graphics type='spice' autoport='yes'>
+      <listen type='address'/>
+      <image compression='off'/>
+    </graphics>
+    <!-- Guest additionals support -->
+    <channel type='spicevmc'>
+      <target type='virtio' name='com.redhat.spice.0'/>
+    </channel>
+    <video>
+      <model type='qxl' ram='524288' vram='524288' vgamem='262144' heads='1' primary='yes'/>
+      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
+    </video>
+`
+
+var xmlTmpl = `
+<domain type='kvm' xmlns:qemu='http://libvirt.org/schemas/domain/qemu/1.0'>
+  <name>%s</name>
+  <memory unit='GiB'>2</memory>
+  <currentMemory unit='GiB'>1</currentMemory>
+  <vcpu>4</vcpu>
+  <os>
+    <type arch='x86_64'>hvm</type>
+    <kernel>%s/kernel</kernel>
+    <initrd>%s/initrd</initrd>
+    <cmdline>loglevel=4 init=%s/init %s</cmdline>
+  </os>
+  <features>
+    <acpi></acpi>
+  </features>
+  <clock offset='utc'/>
+  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
+  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
+  <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
+  <devices>
+    <!-- Fake (because -snapshot) writeback image -->
+    <disk type='file' device='disk'>
+      <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2' cache='writeback' error_policy='report'/>
+      <source file='%s'/>
+      <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
+    </disk>
+    <!-- filesystems -->
+    <filesystem type='mount' accessmode='passthrough'>
+      <source dir='/nix/store'/>
+      <target dir='nix-store'/>
+      <readonly/>
+    </filesystem>
+    <filesystem type='mount' accessmode='mapped'>
+      <source dir='%s'/>
+      <target dir='xchg'/> <!-- workaround for nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix -->
+    </filesystem>
+    <filesystem type='mount' accessmode='mapped'>
+      <source dir='%s'/>
+      <target dir='shared'/> <!-- workaround for nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix -->
+    </filesystem>
+    <filesystem type='mount' accessmode='mapped'>
+      <source dir='%s'/>
+      <target dir='home'/>
+    </filesystem>
+    %s
+  </devices>
+  %s
+</domain>
+`